1. What Is Infertility?
Infertility is defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as the “disease of the male or female reproductive system defined by the failure to achieve a pregnancy after 12 months or more of regular unprotected sexual intercourse”.
Parenthood is one of life’s most fulfilling experiences, yet for millions of couples, conceiving naturally can be challenging. The journey can often feel confusing and emotional — but understanding infertility and seeking the right medical support can make all the difference.
At Kailash Hospital, Dhanbad, Dr. Neha Bajaj, Consultant Gynaecologist and Obstetrician, and Fertility Specialist, has helped countless couples overcome fertility hurdles with compassion, expertise, and advanced reproductive solutions. With her personalised approach and deep experience, many couples have successfully achieved their dream of parenthood.
It is important to remember: infertility is not a sign of failure—it’s a medical condition, and help is available.
2. Symptoms of Infertility
Infertility sometimes shows few overt symptoms beyond the inability to conceive—but there may be clues. According to trusted medical sources, some of the symptoms include:
- Irregular or absent menstrual cycles (in women) – which may signal ovulation problems.
- Painful periods, pelvic pain, or recurrent miscarriage may point to underlying causes like endometriosis or uterine abnormalities.
- In men: issues like low sperm count, poor sperm motility or morphology, or ejaculation problems can be signs.
- The primary “symptom” is simply the difficulty or inability to conceive despite regular unprotected intercourse for the defined time.
Because some symptoms overlap with other conditions, consultation with a specialist such as Neha Bajaj (Consultant Gynaecologist & Obstetrician and Fertility Specialist at Kailash Hospital, Dhanbad) is valuable for correct diagnosis and guidance.
3. Types of Infertility
Understanding the type helps in tailoring treatment. Common types include:
- Primary infertility: When a person or couple has never been able to conceive.
- Secondary infertility: When conception has occurred in the past (even if the pregnancy did not result in a live birth) but now the couple cannot conceive again.
- Unexplained infertility: When standard investigations reveal no obvious cause despite thorough evaluation.
Each type demands a slightly different approach and timeline for intervention. Under the guidance of specialists like Dr Neha Bajaj, couples receive personalised care based on the type and underlying factors.
4. Causes of Infertility
Infertility is often multi-factorial, involving male, female or combined causes. Here’s a breakdown of key causes:
Female-related causes
- Ovulatory disorders (such as polycystic ovary syndrome, thyroid dysfunction) that affect egg release.
- Tubal disorders: blocked or damaged fallopian tubes due to infection, surgery, or endometriosis.
- Uterine or cervical abnormalities (fibroids, congenital malformations). Ovarian reserve issues: declining egg quantity/quality, especially with advancing age.
Male-related causes
- Low sperm count, poor sperm motility or morphology, hormonal imbalances. Obstruction of the male reproductive tract (e.g., vasectomy, injury).
Combined/unexplained causes
- In many couples both partners contribute, or no clear cause is found. For example, roughly one-third of infertility cases are unexplained.
- Lifestyle and environmental factors also play a role.
By working with an expert like Dr Neha Bajaj, couples can explore all relevant causes and receive a comprehensive evaluation.
5. Risk Factors You Should Know
Certain risk factors increase the likelihood of infertility. Some common ones:
- Age: Women’s fertility declines significantly after 35; men’s fertility also decreases with age.
- Lifestyle factors: smoking, excessive alcohol, obesity, poor diet, extreme exercise.
- Medical history: prior pelvic infections, surgeries, endometriosis, sexually transmitted infections (STIs).
- Environmental exposures: toxins, heavy metals, radiation.
- Male-specific: Varicocele, undescended testicles, exposure to heat or toxins.
Being aware of these factors means you and your partner can begin mitigation early. Under the guidance of Dr Neha Bajaj at Kailash Hospital, personalised advice on reducing risk will be provided.
6. Diagnosis – How Experts Determine the Issue
The diagnosis of infertility is a structured process. Key steps generally include:
- Medical and reproductive history: Duration of trying, prior pregnancies, menstrual history, sexual history, male partner’s fertility history.
- Physical examination: Both partners.
- Laboratory tests: For women: hormone levels (FSH, LH, AMH, thyroid hormones), ovulation confirmation, ovarian reserve testing. For men: semen analysis (sperm count, motility, morphology).
- Imaging studies: For women: ultrasound to examine ovaries, uterus and tubes; hysterosalpingography (HSG) to assess tubal patency. For men: ultrasound for varicoceles or obstructive issues.
- Specialised tests: Genetic tests, immunological tests, endocrine assessments if indicated.
At Kailash Hospital, under the care of Dr Neha Bajaj, you can access a comprehensive fertility work-up in a compassionate environment. Early diagnosis leads to faster, more effective treatment.
7. Treatment Options – Your Road to Hope
There are excellent treatment avenues for infertility—depending on cause, age, and partner involvement. Here’s a structured overview:
Lifestyle and foundational interventions
- Optimising body weight, healthy diet, quitting smoking and alcohol, moderating exercise.
- Timing intercourse correctly relative to ovulation.
- Managing underlying health conditions (thyroid, diabetes, infections).
These foundational steps often accompany more targeted therapies.
Medical treatments
- Ovulation induction with medications (clomiphene citrate, letrozole) for women who don’t ovulate regularly.
- Hormone treatments (FSH, LH) or intra-uterine insemination (IUI) when indicated.
- Surgery: corrective surgery for tubal blockage, fibroids, endometriosis or varicocele repair in men.
Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART)
- In Vitro Fertilisation (IVF) and Intra – cytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI).
- Donor sperm or donor egg options when indicated.
- Cryopreservation of embryos or gametes.
The choice of treatment is personalised by fertility specialists such as Dr. Neha Bajaj at Kailash Hospital, factoring in age, cause, prior treatments, financial and emotional considerations.
8. Recovery and What to Expect
Recovery from infertility treatment involves both physical and emotional aspects:
- After treatment initiation, close monitoring of response (hormone levels, imaging) will be performed.
- Success rates vary: many couples conceive after intervention, though outcomes depend on age, cause, and treatment type.
- Emotional recovery: coping with stress, anxiety, and expectations is vital. Studies show infertility impacts quality of life, mental and social health.
- Lifestyle adjustment: continuing healthy habits, managing pregnancy risks if achieved.
- Follow-up: If conception occurs, standard prenatal care; if not, reassessment and adjustment of treatment plan by your specialist team.
9. Complications – Potential Challenges Along the Way
While treatments are safe and effective, some complications or challenges may arise:
- Multiple pregnancies (with certain fertility treatments) which carry higher risk for mother and babies.
- Ovarian hyper-stimulation syndrome (OHSS) in response to some ovulation-inducing drugs.
- Emotional distress: frustration, relationship strain, feelings of guilt or grief.
- Financial burden or treatment fatigue over time.
- Unsuccessful cycles: Even with best efforts, a cycle may not result in pregnancy; specialist guidance helps set realistic expectations.
At Kailash Hospital, Dr Neha Bajaj emphasises transparent counselling about risks and outcomes, enabling couples to make informed choices.
10. Top 10 FAQs on Infertility
- How long should we try before seeking help?
For women under 35: after 12 months of unprotected intercourse. For women over 35: consider evaluation after 6 months. - Is infertility always a woman’s issue?
No — roughly one-third of causes are female, one-third male, and one-third both or unexplained. - Does age really matter?
Yes — female fertility declines after 35 and male fertility also declines with age and sperm quality. - Can lifestyle changes help?
Absolutely — maintaining healthy weight to conceive, diet, avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol improve fertility outcomes. - What if everything looks normal but we still can’t conceive?
That may be “unexplained infertility.” A fertility specialist like Dr Neha Bajaj can help explore deeper options. - Is IVF the only option?
No — many less-invasive treatments may be appropriate depending on the cause. IVF is one among many. - Are treatments safe?
Yes — with appropriate monitoring and guidance, treatments are safe; risks exist but are manageable. - Will treatment guarantee a baby?
No guarantee, but success rates are significant when guided by experienced specialists and proper protocols. - How much will treatment cost and how long will it take?
Duration and cost vary widely depending on cause, treatment type, and regional factors; your specialist will provide a tailored estimate. - What about emotional support and counselling?
Very important — infertility places emotional strain on couples. Having counselling to conceive and strong support networks helps immensely.
11. Why Choose Kailash Hospital, Dhanbad
Choosing the right medical centre matters deeply when navigating fertility challenges. Here’s why Kailash Hospital shines:
- Expertise & Leadership: At Kailash Hospital, you will be under the care of distinguished specialists including Dr Neha Bajaj, Consultant Gynaecologist & Obstetrician and Fertility Specialist, who brings both deep clinical expertise and compassionate patient-centred care.
- Comprehensive Fertility Care: From diagnostic work-up to advanced assisted reproductive technologies, the hospital offers a full spectrum of care under one roof.
- Personalized Treatment Plans: Each couple receives a tailored plan considering age, medical history, lifestyle and preferences — Dr. Neha Bajaj personally oversees these conceive plans.
- Supportive Environment: Recognising the emotional journey of infertility, Kailash Hospital provides counselling, support services, and a caring team that stands with you throughout.
- Transparent Communication: The team emphasizes clear dialogue about conceive success rates, risks, costs, and expectations — empowering you to make informed decisions.
- Accessible Location & Facilities: Located in Dhanbad, the hospital provides high-quality fertility services without needing to travel far, and aims to make treatment accessible.
If you’re exploring fertility support conceive, contacting Kailash Hospital and meeting Dr Neha Bajaj could be the positive step toward your dream of parenthood.
12. Conclusion
Infertility may feel like a daunting challenge—but with the right knowledge, support and specialist help, it is a journey filled with hope and possibility. This guide has outlined what infertility is; the symptoms to watch for conceive; types, causes and risk factors; how diagnosis is made; Conceive the wide-ranging treatment options; what recovery may look like; potential complications; and the most frequently asked questions.
If you and your partner are struggling to conceive, remember: you are not alone. Seeking evaluation Conceive does not mean defeat—it means empowerment. Under the care of specialists like Dr. Neha Bajaj and institutions such as Kailash Hospital, you are taking a positive step toward your goal of building a family.
Stay informed, stay supported, and keep the faith. With the right plan, guidance and attitude, your journey toward parenthood can move forward with confidence.
Ready to take the next step? Reach out to Kailash Hospital, schedule a fertility consultation with Dr Neha Bajaj, and begin your personalized plan for success today.